Cybersecurity for digital twins in the built environment: current research and future directions

Recent technological developments in the construction industry are seeking to create smart cities by using Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) enhance information models such as BIM. Currently, BIM commonly adopted work with IoT-based systems and embrace technologies that offer interoperability communication layer. In future, it is envisioned digital twins will provide new possibilities for cyber-physical via monitoring simulation. However, rarely this rapidly developing field security fully considered. This paper reviews relevant literature regarding use of IoT built environment analyses current practices. It also presents examples improve lived experience. Finally, how factor multiple layers defined CPSs, from physical objects models. Based on review, recommendations provided documenting specifications can be expanded become compliant, enhancing standards support cybersecurity, ensuring twin city integrated future secure cities.